If you have windows 10 on this SSD I would expect you would have some proprietary windows software you created, like a recovery CD/DVD/USB. You should be able to download software to use to troubleshoot windows or repair the bootloader on windows if that is the problem. Since it never booted on the current machine, did it boot on an earlier machine or how did you come in possession of it?

If you have Linux (Ubuntu) installed on one drive and booting from that drive, it will boot a windows install from another physical drive even if not in the same boot mode. That is my experience. Without more information, the most likely scenario is corrupted or missing boot files on the windows drive. That can't be fixed from Linux only using tools designed specifically for windows.